abstract：BACKGROUND:Prior research suggested that time splitting--suppressing the past and dissociating it from present and future--protected refugee mental health in the aftermath of catastrophe. The current study investigates temporal reintegration, defined as cognitive recapture of the past and reconnecting it with present a...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Beiser M,Wickrama KA

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The processing of facial emotion involves a distributed network of limbic and paralimbic brain structures. Many of these regions are also implicated in the pathophysiology of mood disorders. Behavioural data indicate that depressed subjects show a state-related positive recognition bias for faces displaying ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Lennox BR,Jacob R,Calder AJ,Lupson V,Bullmore ET

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Empirical data on the impact of personality pathology on acute treatment outcome for depression are mixed, in part because of challenges posed by assessing trait-like personality patterns while patients are in an active mood episode. To our knowledge, no previous study has examined the effect of personality ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Cyranowski JM,Frank E,Winter E,Rucci P,Novick D,Pilkonis P,Fagiolini A,Swartz HA,Houck P,Kupfer DJ

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Little is known about how continuation and maintenance cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) influences important psychological constructs that may be associated with long-term outcome of major depressive disorder. The goal of this study was to examine whether CBT would help maintain attributional style change...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Petersen T,Harley R,Papakostas GI,Montoya HD,Fava M,Alpert JE

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In schizophrenia, affective disorders, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) dysfunction of frontal neuronal circuits has been suggested. Such impairments imply corresponding oculomotor deficits. METHOD:Eye movement response to foveofugal and foveopetal step-ramp stimuli was recorded within the same study...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Lencer R,Trillenberg P,Trillenberg-Krecker K,Junghanns K,Kordon A,Broocks A,Hohagen F,Heide W,Arolt V

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Despite the demonstrable influence of both genes and the family environment on children's behavioural and emotional development, the mechanisms by which these factors are transmitted from parents to their children are not known. Numerous aspects of the family have long been associated with behavioural and em...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Silberg JL,Eaves LJ

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Neuropsychological impairment is a common finding in schizophrenia. However, a significant proportion of patients are not impaired in conventional neuropsychological tests. In this study, we investigated whether remitted patients with schizophreniform disorder exhibited dysfunctions in specific cognitive tas...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Kéri S,Kelemen O,Benedek G,Janka Z

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Neurocognitive functioning may be impaired in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle due to associated changes in hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis function. This study examines the relationship between changes in neurocognition and HPA axis function in different phases of the menstrual cycle. METH...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Symonds CS,Gallagher P,Thompson JM,Young AH

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although cannabis is the most widely used illicit drug in the United States, few recent American studies have examined the attributes of long-term heavy cannabis users. METHOD:Using a case-control design, we obtained psychological and demographic measures on 108 individuals, age 30-55, who had smoked cannab...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Gruber AJ,Pope HG,Hudson JI,Yurgelun-Todd D

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Previous research has yielded conflicting evidence regarding the long-term cognitive outcome of depression. Some studies have found evidence for a higher incidence of subsequent cognitive impairment or dementia, while others have refuted this. METHOD:Depression, neuropsychological performance, functional ab...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Brodaty H,Luscombe G,Anstey KJ,Cramsie J,Andrews G,Peisah C

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:High rates of depression associated with childbirth have been reported in many parts of the developing world. However, the prevalence and associations of antenatal and post-natal depression in the rural population remain unknown. Disability associated with depression and its impact on infant health and devel...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Rahman A,Iqbal Z,Harrington R

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:A randomized trial of a primary care-based intervention to prevent depression relapse resulted in improved adherence to long-term antidepressant medication and depression outcomes. We evaluated the effects of this intervention on behavioural processes and identified process predictors of improved depressive ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Ludman E,Katon W,Bush T,Rutter C,Lin E,Simon G,Von Korff M,Walker E

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Outcome studies of chronic fatigue, neurasthenia and other unexplained fatigue syndromes are few and have been carried out in developed Western countries. This paper aimed to study the outcome of unexplained fatigue syndromes in an international primary care sample and to identify risk factors for persistenc...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Skapinakis P,Lewis G,Mavreas V

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The rate of binocular rivalry has been reported to be slower in subjects with bipolar disorder than in controls when tested with drifting, vertical and horizontal gratings of high spatial frequency. METHOD:Here we assess the rate of binocular rivalry with stationary, vertical and horizontal gratings of low ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Miller SM,Gynther BD,Heslop KR,Liu GB,Mitchell PB,Ngo TT,Pettigrew JD,Geffen LB

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Generalized anxiety disorder is a common condition of excessive worry and tension which tends to run a chronic course associated with significant psychiatric and medical problems. Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) has been shown to be of clinical value in about 50% of cases with treatment gains maintained ov...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Durham RC,Chambers JA,MacDonald RR,Power KG,Major K

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Prior research on work-related factors in the aetiology of psychiatric disorders has been concentrated on job control, job demands and social support. To broaden the view to managerial procedures, we examined whether the extent to which employees are treated with equity in the workplace predicts their mental...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Kivimäki M,Elovainio M,Vahtera J,Virtanen M,Stansfeld SA

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Counselling is frequently used in the management of common mental disorders (such as anxiety and depression) in primary care. However, there are concerns over the clinical effectiveness of counselling, both in comparison with usual general practitioner care, and with other treatments such as alternative psyc...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Bower P,Rowland N,Hardy R

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:. A variety of factors are related to compliance with medication in schizophrenia, but little attention has been paid to the role of families. Carers' knowledge or expressed emotion (EE) may be related to compliance. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relevance of these two factors, as well as ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Sellwood W,Tarrier N,Quinn J,Barrowclough C

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The role of antidepressant medications in bipolar depression remains controversial, mainly due to a lack of research in this area. In this study the authors examined the episode length in bipolar depression and the relationship between antidepressant therapy and episode length. METHOD:A retrospective chart ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Frankle WG,Perlis RH,Deckersbach T,Grandin LD,Gray SM,Sachs GS,Nierenberg AA

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a highly structured diagnostic interview in relation to a semi-structured diagnostic procedure. We compared the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview Short Form (CIDI-SF) in diagnosing major depressive episode (MDE) to consensus...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Aalto-Setälä T,Haarasilta L,Marttunen M,Tuulio-Henriksson A,Poikolainen K,Aro H,Lönnqvist J

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Exclusion criteria are present in almost all diagnostic categories in both DSM-IV and ICD-10. These exclusion criteria state that one diagnosis is not made if it is 'due to' another disorder. However, there is little empirical evidence demonstrating that the hierarchy imposed by the exclusion criteria is mea...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Slade T,Andrews G

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The differential strength of correlation between symptoms, cognition and other patient characteristics with community functioning in first-episode psychosis has not been fully investigated. METHOD:In a sample of 66 first-episode psychosis patients demographic variables, ratings of pre-morbid adjustment, pos...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Malla AK,Norman RM,Manchanda R,Townsend L

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:A key challenge in trauma care is the prevention of psychopathology. However, no definitive method of identifying individuals at risk of developing psychopathology exists. The Aberdeen Trauma Screening Index (ATSI) is a brief screening tool developed for use in a clinical setting by non-mental health profess...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Klein S,Alexander DA,Hutchinson JD,Simpson JA,Simpson JM,Bell JS

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Sertraline has a proved efficacy in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but it is unknown which symptoms respond or in what sequence this occurs. Such information might be useful clinically and heuristically. METHOD:The study examined the effects of sertraline on the individual symptoms of PTSD. It also ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Davidson JR,Landerman LR,Farfel GM,Clary CM

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Three prior population-based twin studies, none of which was nationally representative, suggested that both genetic and familial-environmental factors contribute to family resemblance for lifetime cannabis use. We seek to replicate these results in a US national probability sample of twin and sibling pairs e...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Kendler KS,Neale MC,Thornton LM,Aggen SH,Gilman SE,Kessler RC

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:This experiment examines two aspects of delusional cognition that have been reported clinically but not investigated empirically. These are the incorporation of potentially conflicting information into the recall of delusion-related scripts and the type and amount of material produced additional to that pres...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Simpson J,Done DJ

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Neuropsychological studies have suggested that memory systems reliant on medial temporal lobe structures are impaired in patients with depression. There is less data regarding whether this impairment is specific to recollection memory systems, and whether clinical features predict impairment. This study soug...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： MacQueen GM,Galway TM,Hay J,Young LT,Joffe RT

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:As part of a collaborative linkage study, the authors obtained clinical and demographic data on 160 families in which more than one sibling was affected with a bipolar illness. The aim of the study was to identify clinical characteristics that had a high degree of familiality. METHOD:Data on age at onset, g...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： O'Mahony E,Corvin A,O'Connell R,Comerford C,Larsen B,Jones R,McCandless F,Kirov G,Cardno AG,Craddock N,Gill M

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although psychiatric patients with eating disorders are known to be at risk for a variety of health problems, relatively little is known about eating disorders and associated health problems in other populations. An epidemiological study was conducted to investigate health problems and impairment associated ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Johnson JG,Spitzer RL,Williams JB

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:There is still a relative paucity of information about the long-term course of depression. METHODS:Consecutive patients admitted to a teaching hospital psychiatry unit with symptoms of depression, previously assessed at 6 months and 2, 5 and 15 years after index admission, were reviewed at 25 years (N = 49,...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Brodaty H,Luscombe G,Peisah C,Anstey K,Andrews G

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We report on the epidemiology of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the Australian community, including information on lifetime exposure to trauma, 12-month prevalence of PTSD, sociodemographic correlates and co-morbidity. METHODS:Data were obtained from a stratified sample of 10,641 participants as p...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Creamer M,Burgess P,McFarlane AC

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been proposed as a possible alternative to electroconvulsive therapy for the treatment of selected patients with depression, bipolar affective disorder and schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the evidence for the effectiveness of rTMS...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： McNamara B,Ray JL,Arthurs OJ,Boniface S

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Neuroticism has been shown to increase the risk of depression whereas extraversion is associated with a reduction of risk. These personality traits play a central role in aetiological theories of affective disorder but their role in schizophrenia is unclear. In this study, the risk for schizophrenia associat...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Van Os J,Jones PB

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The clinician-administered version of the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS-CA) is a commonly used assessment device for the evaluation of social anxiety disorder and has been shown to have strong psychometric characteristics. Because of its apparently straightforward rating format and potential savings i...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Fresco DM,Coles ME,Heimberg RG,Liebowitz MR,Hami S,Stein MB,Goetz D

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Although family, twin and adoption studies have suggested that lifetime major depression (MD) is a heritable condition, nearly all these studies have relied for the diagnosis on long-term human memory, which is fallible and potentially biased. Could the estimates of heritability of MD be biased by the well-de...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Kendler KS,Aggen SH

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Geographic variations in the incidence of deliberate self-harm (DSH) and suicide have been shown to be associated with area-based measures of socio-economic deprivation and social fragmentation. Previous studies have been subject to methodological limitations. None has investigated whether ecological associa...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Hawton K,Harriss L,Hodder K,Simkin S,Gunnell D

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Despite markedly different clinical presentations, few studies have reported differences in neuropsychological functioning between mania and depression. Recent work has suggested that differences may emerge on cognitive tasks requiring affective processing, such as decision-making. The present study sought t...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Murphy FC,Rubinsztein JS,Michael A,Rogers RD,Robbins TW,Paykel ES,Sahakian BJ

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Hypochondriasis is recognized as an important disorder in clinical populations, associated with increased health care utilization, disability and psychiatric co-morbidity. Few studies have investigated hypochondriasis in the community. We report on the broader concept of illness worry in a community populati...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Looper KJ,Kirmayer LJ

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In other branches of epidemiology, stratum specific likelihood ratios (SSLRs) have been found to be preferable to fixed best threshold approaches to screening instruments. This paper presents SSLRs of GHQ-12 and GHQ-28 and compares the SSLR method with the traditional optimal threshold approach. METHODS:Ran...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Furukawa TA,Goldberg DP,Rabe-Hesketh S,Ustün TB

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Several case reports and reviews have suggested an increased incidence of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder among persons with sex chromosome aneuploidies, but this observation may have been caused by biased sampling. METHODS:The 1122 individuals with sex chromosome aneuploidies registered in the Danish Cyt...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Mors O,Mortensen PB,Ewald H

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00